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Guy Thorne was the pen name of Cyril Arthur Edward Ranger Gull (1875 – 9 January 1923), a prolific English journalist and novelist best known for his novel ''When It Was Dark: The Story of A Great Conspiracy'' (1903).〔Bethany Kilcrease, "Guy Thorne, Popular Catholicism, and Fin-de-siècle Literature". Academia.edu ()〕 He also wrote under the names C. Ranger Gull and Leonard Cresswell Ingleby ==Life and works== Thorne was educated at Denstone College, Manchester Grammar, and Oxford University, although he left without taking a degree. He was on the literary staff of the Saturday Review 1897-98, writing also for The Bookman and ''The Academy''. He was editor of ''London Life'' in 1899, then joined the Daily Mail and later the Daily Express. He also wrote for the gossip weekly ''Society''.〔Philip J. Waller, ''Writers, Readers and Reputations: Literary Life in Britain'', ''1870-1918'', Oxford University Press, 2006, p.1011 ISBN 0-19-820677-1 ISBN 978-0-19-820677-4 ()〕 His first novel was ''The Hypocrite: A Novel of Oxford and London Life'', published anonymously in 1898. From 1900, he was engaged in writing fiction, producing about 125 novels in the succeeding years. The most famous was ''When It Was Dark'', which reached sales of 500,000 copies.〔Alexander Hopkins McDannald, ''Yearbook of the Encyclopedia Americana'' 1924, p.382 ()〕 The book describes the attempt by a Jew, the malevolent Constantine Schaube, to overthrow the whole of the Christian world by fraudulently disproving the Resurrection. After its publication, the Bishop of London preached about ''When It Was Dark'' at Westminster Abbey. Calling it "a remarkable work of fiction" he said it depicts how the world would be if the Resurrection were proved to be a gigantic fraud. ". . .you feel the darkness creeping round the world, you see . . . crime and violence increase in every part of the world. When you see how darkness settles down upon the human spirit, regarding the Christian record as a fable, then you quit with something like adequate thanksgiving, and thank God it is light because of the awful darkness when it was dark."〔Claud Cockburn, "The Horror of it All" , ''CounterPunch'', March 24/March 30, 2002 ()〕 ''When It Was Dark'' has been criticised for its stereotyping of Jews and their portrayal as intent on destroying what Thorne viewed as the most valuable element of British life - the Christian faith and the spiritual values associated with it.〔Colin Holms, Gina Mitchell, "When it was Dark: Jews in the literature of Guy Thorne", in John Morris, ed. ''Exploring Stereotyped Images in Victorian and Twentieth-Century Literature and Society'', Edwin Mellen 1993) ISBN 0-7734-9325-5 ISBN 978-0-7734-9325-4 ()〕 Other critics have also labeled the book as anti-Semitic.〔Stanley E. Porter, Brook W. R. Pearson, ''Christian-Jewish Relations Through the Centuries'' (''Journal for the Study of the New Testament Supplement''), Sheffield Academic Press; 2000, pp.336-340 ISBN 1-84127-090-3 ISBN 978-1-84127-090-6 ()〕 A sequel ''When It Was Light'' (1906), often attributed to Gull, was probably written by his decadent cohort, George Reginald Bacchus. Thorne was a prolific author of horror and mystery novels which sometimes have a redeeming bizarreness.〔Sandra Kemp, Charlotte Mitchell, David Trotter, ''Edwardian Fiction: An Oxford Companion'', OUP, 1997, p.165 ISBN 0-19-811760-4 ISBN 978-0-19-811760-5〕 His novels include: ''Made in His Image'' (1906), ''The Soul-Stealer'' (1906), ''The Angel'' (1908), ''Not in Israel'' (dedicated to Cecil Broadhurst (1913), ''And it Came to Pass'' (1915), ''The Secret Sea-Plane'' (1915), ''The Enemies of England'' (1915),'' Lucky Mr Loder'' (1918), ''The Secret Monitor'' (1918), ''The Air Pirate'' (1919), ''Doris Moore'' (1919), ''The House of Danger'' (1920), ''The City in the Clouds'' (1921),'' The Love Hater'' (1921), ''The Dark Dominion'' (1923) and ''When the World Reeled'' (1924). He also wrote numerous essays and a biography of Frederick Nicholas Charrington (1850–1936), the English social reformer who devoted his life to Temperance work.〔Guy Thorne, ''The Great Acceptance: The Life Story of F. N. Charrington'',()〕 Thorne was a close friend of the publisher Leonard Smithers and a friend of the poet Ernest Dowson.〔James G. Nelson,'' Publisher to the Decadents: Leonard Smithers in the Careers of Beardsley, Wilde, Dowson''. Pennsylvania State University Press, 2000. ISBN 0-271-01974-3 ISBN 978-0-271-01974-1〕 He was known for his heavy drinking. ''Who's Who 1906'' listed his recreations as shooting and French literature, and his address as Trink, Lelant, Cornwall. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Guy Thorne」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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